Rakhmonov A.Kh. (2022). Refugees as a new emigration channel from Tajikistan to Western and Eastern Europe. Upravlenie

Abstract

The article examines the refugee situation during the civil war in Tajikistan after the collapse of the USSR, the factors and scale of forced emigration, as well as the characteristics of asylum seekers from Tajikistan. The scope and prospects of the development of the flow of refugees and asylum seekers from Tajikistan to the countries of Western and Eastern Europe are investigated. Every year, a huge number of people leave their homes due to armed conflicts, wars, poverty and persecution on various grounds. One of the reasons for the influx of refugees from Tajikistan to other countries is the civil war in the republic. After the collapse of the USSR, a power struggle between nationalists and Islamists began in Tajikistan, which led to a civil war. Thus, the emergence of the flow of refugees from Tajikistan to other countries is associated with the civil war in the republic. Another reason is the ban by the Tajik authorities of two major opposition organizations – the Group of 24 and the Islamic Renaissance Party of Tajikistan (IRPT). Among the Tajik political refugees who have received asylum in European countries, there are also former labor migrants who worked in Russia. Deportations, a decrease in earnings as a result of the 2015 currency crisis, as well as the tightening of Russia's migration policy towards migrants from Tajikistan forced some migrants to reorient to other countries, primarily European, the United States and Canada. There are cases of Tajik migrants deliberately destroying their passports when moving to Germany, followed by contacting the authorities under the guise of refugees from Afghanistan (since both Tajiks and Afghans speak Farsi (Dari)) to obtain refugee status and related benefits in Germany. Among asylum seekers from Tajikistan in European countries, political asylum is the most popular. The purpose of the article is to identify trends and prospects for the development of such a new channel of emigration from Tajikistan to the countries of Western and Eastern Europe as a refuge.