Volkov Yu.G., Kurbatov V.I., Hunagov R.D. Ntegration in a Multi-Ethnic Society: Ways, Modern Trends and Problem Nodes. Sociology. 2022. No. 1. Pp. 373-388.

Òåêñò ñòàòüè/âûïóñêà íà ñàéòå æóðíàëà URL: http://soziologi.ru/archive/?ELEMENT_ID=32856 (äàòà îáðàùåíèÿ 17.12.2022)

Abstract

This article discusses the problems of ethnic integration in a  multiethnic society, which take place against the background of global world processes. It is shown that integration is carried out in different ways, the purpose of which is the formation of cultural pluralism, which is realized through such models as biculturalism, multiculturalism, interculturalism, transnationalism and the path of intercultural development. The characteristics of multiculturalism, which is an alternative to biculturalism, are given, its limitations are revealed. Interculturalism is considered as one of the ways of ethnic integration, which includes three interrelated elements: intercultural dialogue, flexibility of identity and a sense of unity, considered as an alternative to multiculturalism. Adepts of this path of integration call interculturalism a new ideology of ethnic integration, while critics call interculturalism “post-multiculturalism” and just a modification of multiculturalism. A new trend of ethnic integration in the form of transnationalization is considered, which realizes the idea of creating a public space and expands the concept of cultural integration, while citizenship becomes the right of the country of residence. The pros and cons of polyethnicity are considered, both in the form of a development resource and in the form of ethnic segregation, interethnic tension and conflicts. A new trend is being formed in the form of state-civil integration, which is the basis for the formation of civil-state (national-civil) identity, for which the necessary conditions are required (adequate state national policy, rethinking in scientific and public discourse the essence of reducing ethnic hatred and social differentiation in state – civic unity) and sufficient conditions that are implemented at the level of social feelings (which include feelings of social justice, a sense of true social equality and equity, a sense of responsibility, true real equality before the law). Only in the unity of necessary and sufficient conditions can an idea of true civil-national unity be formed, without which the real process of national-ethnic integration in a multi-ethnic society, in principle, cannot be realized. Discussion of these issues form problematic nodes of scientific research.