Rakhmonov A.Kh. The Adaptation and Integration of Migrants From Central Asia in the Labour Marget of Gulf Cooperation Council Countries. Bulletin of TSULBP. Series of Social Sciences. 2024. No. 3(100). Pp. 101-120.
Rakhmonov A.Kh. The Adaptation and Integration of Migrants From Central Asia in the Labour Marget of Gulf Cooperation Council Countries. Bulletin of TSULBP. Series of Social Sciences. 2024. No. 3(100). Pp. 101-120.
ISSN 2411-1945
DOI 10.24412/3005-8023-2024-3-101-120
РИНЦ: https://elibrary.ru/contents.asp?id=72754272
Posted on site: 24.10.24
Текст статьи на сайте журнала URL: http://www.soc.vestnik.tj/ru/arhiv/arhiv2024/item/the-adaptation-and-integration-of-migrants-from-central-asia-in-the-labour-market-of-gulf-cooperation-council-countries.html (дата обращения 24.10.2024)
Abstract
The purpose of the article is to identify the strategy of adaptation of labor migrants from Central Asian countries in the labor markets of the GCC countries, as well as the factors of migrants' reorientation to a new direction of labor migration. It is noted that every year million citizens from Central Asian countries come to Russia for employment. But every year the number of migrants from Central Asian countries in the Russian labor market began to decrease in favor of non-CIS countries. The reasons for the outflow of migrants from the Russian labor market are considered to be various economic crises, as well as annual changes in Russia's migration policy. The reasons for emigration to non-CIS countries from Central Asian countries, including the countries of the Council of the Commonwealth of Arab States of the Persian Gulf (GCC), bypassing Russia, can be divided into three stages. The first stage is the period of introduction of labor patents for foreign citizens. During this period, migrant workers began to leave part of their wages for the purchase of a labor patent. The second stage of emigration occurred during the period of the currency crisis in Russia. In addition to paying for a mandatory labor patent, migrants lost half of their wages due to the fall in the exchange rate of the Russian ruble against the US dollar. The third stage of emigration of citizens of Central Asian countries began after February 24, 2022, when the EU and the United States imposed new sanctions against Russia due to the situation with Ukraine. During this period, migrant workers lost their jobs due to the departure of foreign companies and firms, and their wages began to decline due to new economic sanctions by Western countries against the Russian ruble. It is concluded that these crises have led to an outflow of migrants from the Russian labor market in favor of foreign countries, primarily to the GCC countries.