Imideeva I.V., Boldbaatar Nandintsetseg, MedvedV.A. Labor Migration in Mongolia During the Covid-19 Pandemic. Nauchnoe obozrenie. Seriya 1. Jekonomika i parvо [Scientific Review. Series 1. Economics and Law]. 2020. Nо. 3. Р. 122-133. DOI: 10.26653 ...

Abstract

The article discusses the features of migration processes in Mongolia in the context of the socio-demographic development of the country. The dynamics of the population and gender and age structure of the population of the country is analyzed on the basis of censuses. It is noted that the key reasons for the intensive population growth in Mongolia remain high attitudes towards large families. An expanded type of population reproduction still exists in the country. The country's population is characterized by an increased proportion of youth and children, which is not characteristic of many neighboring Asian states. The factors and features of emigration processes from Mongolia to economically developed countries are revealed. A high proportion of Mongolian youth in emigration processes is noted. The labor emigration of the Mongols goes mainly to South Korea, Japan, the USA, and Europe. The article also examines the trends of labor migration of foreign citizens to Mongolia. The article also analyzes labor migration to Mongolia, which actively attracts foreign labor migrants to its labor market. Expatriates work in Mongolia - highly qualified specialists and businessmen from the USA, Canada, Japan, Korea, Europe, Russia, China, skilled workers and unskilled workers. The financial and economic crisis of 2016-2017 reduced the number of labor migrants. The problem was also aggravated by the COVID-19 pandemic, which not only led to a squeeze on the Mongolian labor market, but also closed the borders for foreign citizens to enter Mongolia. The Government of Mongolia is taking comprehensive measures to prevent the spread of coronavirus infection within the country, and is also actively evacuating Mongolian citizens from foreign countries. In a pandemic situation, many Mongolian migrant workers decided to return to their homeland, and the Government of Mongolia facilitates their return (unlike the China, which officially asked its citizens to refrain from returning to the country).