Voronin G.L., Dorofeeva Z.E.,Evgrafova K.O., Kiseleva I.P., Kozyreva P.M., Kosolapov M.S., Smirnov A.I., Sokolova S.B., Tonis E.I. Russian households: dynamics of income, expenditures, social well-being (1994–2023). In: Bulletin of the Russian Economic Situation Monitoring and public health at the HSE (RLMS ‑ HSE). Vol. 15 ...

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Abstract

The article analyzes the dynamic of the socio-economic situation of Russian households in 1994–2023 using the data from “Russia Longitudinal Monitoring survey – Higher School of Economics” (RLMS-HSE). As the RLMS-HSE data shows, after a 7.1-percent decrease in 2022, real household income grew by 4.7% in 2023. The income growth was primarily driven by rising wages and social benefits. However, while work-related household income increased by 5.8%, income received from stateadministered transfer payments grew by only 1.8% in 2023. Household income from domestic production and informal sector showed a considerable increase, with monetary income and income in-kind growing by 11.8% and 14.6%, respectively. Household income from private transfer payments received from relatives and charities grew by 2%. The share of wages in the total monthly household income rose from 45.1% in 2021 to 47.4% in 2023. The income inequality increased as the average monthly income of welloff families was 2.3 times higher in 2022 and 2.4 higher in 2023, compared to the income of poor families. Monthly household expenditure declined by 3.9% in 2023, while the spending gap between well-off and Воронин Г.Л. и др. Российские домохозяйства: динамика доходов, расходов... (1994–2023 гг.) 95 poor households decreased from 5.1 to 4.9 times. In 2023, the unemployment rate hit an all-time low of 2%. The labor force participation rate continued to decline, going down from 82.9 to 81.3%. The gender pay gap increased as women earned 76,5% of men’s average income from wages in 2022 and 73,9% in 2023. The proportion of retirees who did not receive their pensions in the month before the survey rose from 1.5% in 2018 to 11.6% in 2023 among men and from 1.4 to 11.1% among women. The indicators of social well-being significantly improved in 2023. The proportion of respondents generally satisfied with their lives increased from 51.9% in 2022 to 54.5% in 2023, reaching an all-time high. The proportion of respondents satisfied with their financial circumstances rose from 23.7 to 25%. The proportion of respondents anticipating an improvement in the quality of life in the forthcoming year rose from 15.9 to 18.7%. In 2023, respondents felt more confident of their position and prospects in the labor market, and two main reasons for quitting a job were health issues (15.9%) and dissatisfaction with low pay (15%).

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