Popova S.M., Yanik A.A., Shakhrai S.M., Karpova S.F. Institutional and legal mechanisms for managing the demographic sphere in the Russian Federation. Law and Politics. 2025. No. 10. Pp. 43-65. DOI: 10.7256 ...

Текст статьи на сайте журнала URL: https://www.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=76276 (дата обращения 01.11.2025)

Abstract

The article presents the results of the analysis of institutional and legal mechanisms for demographic governance in the Russia (2005–2025). The research is based on the legal acts of the Russian Federation (federal laws, decrees and orders of the President of the Russian Federation, resolutions and orders of the RF Government), acts of the regions of the Russian Federation, strategic documents of the Russian Federation, statistical data, official reports and publications, materials from scientific publications relevant to the research topic, internet resources, documents from international organizations (UN, OECD), and research publications. To address the set tasks, general scientific methods and research techniques, legal and statistical analysis, comparative analysis, and parallel analysis of legal acts regulating activities in various areas ensuring the achievement of national development goals in demographics were employed. The analysis allowed for the identification of stages in the evolution of approaches and the establishment of institutional and legal mechanisms for managing changes in the demographic sphere. It was concluded that between 2005 and 2025, there was a transition from operational responses to the specific features of demographic situation developments in the country and demographic challenges towards methods of strategic, systematic management of changes in the demographics. An objective lag in the legal formalization of governance practices by federal laws was noted, as well as the need for improving the methods used to stimulate demographic growth, developing the digital transformation of management processes, and introducing modern scientific approaches into the systems for evaluating the effectiveness of implemented projects aimed at achieving demographic well-being in the country. It was demonstrated that managing demographic development is a multi-level and multi-variant task, the solution of which requires a combination of comprehensive demographic analysis and forecasting, the development and implementation of various state policies (labor markets, social security, healthcare, education, urban and rural planning), and aligning demographic governance with economic growth strategies. Therefore, targeted efforts to achieve demographic well-being in Russia (including the improvement of the corresponding institutional and legal mechanisms) become one of the drivers of the country's socio-economic progress.