Ryazantsev S.V., Vazirov Z.K., Garibova F.M., Ryazantsev N.S. Demographic development of the ethnonational regions of the Siberian Federal District. Ufa Humanitarian Scientific forum. 2025. No. 3 (23). Pp. 182-195. DOI 10.47309 ...

Abstract

This article presents a comprehensive study of demographic policy and the current demographic situation in three ethnonational regions of the Siberian Federal District of the Russian Federation: the Altai Republic, the Republic of Khakassia, and the Republic of Tyva. Based on a comprehensive analysis of official statistical data (Rosstat, All-Russian Population Statistics 2002, 2010, 2020), departmental materials, and regional regulatory legal acts, the authors identify the unique demographic profiles of each region. The Republic of Tyva is characterized by stable natural increase, but high mortality rates and migration outflow. The Altai Republic demonstrates unstable dynamics with a tendency toward population stabilization, while the Republic of Khakassia is experiencing steady depopulation due to both natural decline and migration outflow. The paper provides a detailed analysis of the governance structures, conceptual foundations, and specific programmatic measures of demographic policy in these regions, including regional programs for stimulating the birth rate, supporting families, reducing mortality, and regulating migration. Particular attention is given to a comparative analysis of the effectiveness of these measures, identifying both successes (e.g., positive structural changes in the birth rate in Khakassia, a well-developed system of support for large families in Altai) and systemic problems. Key issues include: critically low public commitment to a healthy lifestyle, the ineffectiveness of migration policy in compensating for population decline, and the reactive nature of most measures taken. Based on this analysis, a number of recommendations have been formulated for the transition to a proactive, comprehensive demographic strategy integrated into the overall socioeconomic development plan for Siberia.