Dehanova N.G., Ledeneva V.Yu., Sushko V.A. External migration and social stereotypes among Russians: A sociological analysis of public perceptions of migration processes. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Sociology, 2025, vol. 18, iss. 2, pp. 215–228. EDN DVWOFL (In Russian)

Текст статьи на сайте журнала URL: https://sociologyjournal.spbu.ru/article/view/23373 (дата обращения 23.12.2025)

Abstract

This study provides a comprehensive sociological analysis of the perception of foreign migrants in Russian society. The number of migrants arriving in the Russian Federation for various purposes increases annually. In both scholarly and public discourse, discussions are intensifying regarding the state’s role in regulating migration flows, shifts in public sentiment, and the key stereotypes shaping Russians’ attitudes toward foreigners. Purpose and objectives. The aim of the research is to identify trends in Russians’ attitudes toward foreign migrants using data from sociological studies, including the authors’ own survey. The objectives are: to identify socio‑cultural stereotypes regarding migrants; and to analyze the relationship between socio‑economic status, cultural proximity, and the willingness of the local population to engage in intergroup contact with migrants. Novelty and hypothesis. The study’s novelty lies in its integrated analysis of the factors shaping attitudes toward migrants. The hypothesis posits that the influence of migrants’ ethno‑cultural characteristics on public opinion predominates over the influence of their socio‑economic characteristics. Methodology. The methodological framework comprises a comparative analysis of data from leading sociological centers, results from the authors’ survey, and a critical review of contemporary legal and political approaches to migration regulation. Results. The findings indicate a prevalence of negative attitudes in the public consciousness, with cultural differences rather than economic competition serving as the primary factor. Stable correlations were identified between various social parameters of the respondents and their attitudes toward migrants. Significance. The research materials may be of interest to the academic community. The practical value of the work lies in developing specific recommendations for authorities to improve migration policy. The authors argue for a shift in emphasis from administrative‑restrictive and tightly controlled measures toward programs fostering socio‑cultural adaptation for different categories of migrants.