Fadeeva T.A. Demographic Development of Post-Soviet Russia: Trends in Birth Rates and Depopulation. Regional Problems of Economic Transformation. 2025. No. 11 (181). Pp. 395-407.

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Abstract

The article analyzes the main trends in the demographic development of the Russian Federation in the post-Soviet period, with a particular focus on depopulation processes and fertility dynamics in 1990–2024. A comparative analysis of demographic processes across various regions of the country is conducted, taking into account the influence of age and gender structure, migration flows, and demographic waves shaped by historical factors. It is established that the temporary rise in fertility in 2007–2015 resulted from the implementation of a set of state measures to support families with children; however, since 2016, there has been a steady decline in the total fertility rate. Significant regional differences have been identified: most regions of the European part of Russia are characterized by natural population decline, while several regions of the Asian part maintain a positive natural increase. The study concludes that there is a need to improve state demographic policy aimed at stimulating fertility, stabilizing migration flows, and strengthening the demographic potential of Russia’s eastern regions.