Voronina N.S. Values of Individualism–Collectivism in Russia. Part I: Modification of the Triandis Methodology. Mir Rossii. 2026. vol. 35. no 2, pp. 22–44 (in Russian). DOI: 10.17323 ...

Текст статьи на сайте журнала URL: https://mirros.hse.ru/article/view/33905/26578 (дата обращения 23.04.2026)

Abstract

The article analyzes the most frequently used methods for measuring the values ​​of individualism/collectivism in sociological research: G. Hofstede, S. Schwartz, G. Triandis. The author notes that researchers experience difficulties in operationalization due to broad terminological interpretations of these values, as well as the presence of values ​​whose attribution to the values ​​of individualism or collectivism is not obvious. When translating existing methods into different languages ​​during surveys, such problems as the equivalence of the meanings of questions, the influence of the socio-cultural-ideological context and social desirability on respondents' answers are noted. The need to modify the methodology for measuring the values​​of individualism/collectivism is shown, since the described methods were created 30 years ago and need to be adapted to the changed social context. The author substantiates the choice in favor of the work of G. Triandis, as a basis with the greatest potential for further study of these values. Based on the author's pilot study (n=107), a modification of the 29-item version of G. Triandis's methodology was made: the number of questionnaire items was reduced to 18, since many of the formulations of Triandis's questionnaire are identical in meaning and increase the cognitive load on the respondent. The wording of 17 of the 18 questionnaire items was edited stylistically and substantively, adapted to the Russian context. Based on the data of the all-Russian study "Quantitative and Qualitative Changes in the Social Structure in the Post-Soviet Period", a confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was conducted to assess the compliance of theoretical assumptions about the structure of values​​(the presence of horizontal-vertical individualism/collectivism) with empirical data. The study is an online panel, the sample contains 7563 respondents, the data are representative for Russia, which allows us to draw a conclusion about the degree of prevalence of the values ​​of individualism/collectivism in current Russian realities. Based on the CFA, the correspondence of the theoretical model of values ​​to empirical data was confirmed, and the reliability of the methodology was demonstrated using the parameters of the quality of models and the calculation of Cronbach's Alpha coefficients. Analysis of average values ​​showed that the most common in Russia are the values ​​of horizontal collectivism, reflecting unity with the ingroup, the presence of common goals, and the least common are the values ​​of vertical individualism, reflecting, above all, the desire for high status and competition.