Rakhmonov A.Kh., Ananchenkova P.I. Post-Migration Consequences of Labour Migration for the Health of Tajik Labour Migrants in Russian Regions. Labor and social relations. 2026. Vol. 37. No. 3. P. 37-48. DOI: 10.20410 ...

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Abstract

The article examines the impact of labour migration on the health of citizens of Tajikistan employed in various regions of the Russian Federation, with particular emphasis on post-migration consequences that emerge after migrants return to their country of origin. The relevance of the study is determined by the fact that the deterioration of labour migrants’ health is shaped by a complex set of interrelated factors, including difficult working conditions, unfavourable living environments, limited access to medical care, low levels of social protection, and challenges of adaptation in the receiving society. Special attention is given to how health risks accumulated during the period of employment abroad are transformed into long-term health disorders, reduced work capacity, disability, and social vulnerability after return. The empirical basis of the study includes international and national statistical materials, the results of two online surveys of Tajik labour migrants in Russia conducted in April 2020 and February 2021, as well as in-depth interviews with returned migrants who have disabilities or pronounced limitations in daily functioning. The study shows that migration experience, despite its economic importance for households and the country of origin, is accompanied by the accumulation of medical and social costs. The COVID-19 pandemic acted as a factor that sharply intensified already existing risks, revealing migrants’ restricted access to medical care and the insufficiency of formal mechanisms of social support. The findings indicate that a significant proportion of returned migrants face long-term limitations in daily functioning, difficulties in obtaining disability status, a shortage of rehabilitation services, and high dependence on family resources. The article concludes that closer coordination between migration policy, occupational health and safety, healthcare, and social protection is needed at the interstate level.