Makeeva S.B. History of the Chinese northwestern province of Shaanxi in the system of regional transformations from 1990 to 1999. Bulletin of Tomsk State University. Series: History. 2026. No. 103. Pp. 133-142.

Abstract

The purpose of the article is to examine the regional history of the development of the Chinese northwestern province of Shaanxi in the context of the second decade of the implementation of the policy of “reform and opening up” in the 1990s. Based on the study of archival chronicles of Shaanxi Province and materials from the periodicals “Shaanxi Daily Newspaper”, “People’s Daily”, using historical, genetic and statistical research methods, changes in the industrial sector, agriculture, foreign economic sphere, transport and logistics infrastructure and demographic development of the province were identified Shaanxi from 1990 to 1999 The article establishes that Shaanxi, as the main regional industrial center of textile and engineering production in Northwestern China in the 1990s. was included in the process of transformation and reduction of state enterprises, the introduction of scientific and technological innovations into its production and infrastructure potential. The author notes that despite the fact that in the 1990s. In Shaanxi, there was an increase in unprofitability and a decrease in the rate of production of the textile industry; the economic strengthening of the province was achieved through an increase in the volume of coal mining, electricity production, iron smelting, production of cement and agricultural fertilizers. The article determines that in the course of attracting domestic and foreign investment in Shaanxi, zones of economic and high-tech development of both industrial and agricultural profiles were created. As a result, the author comes to the conclusion that the history of regional development of Shaanxi province in the 1990s. is the story of the adaptation of the Chinese northwestern industrial and agricultural cluster to the conditions of the second decade of the “reform and opening up” policy, when resources and population were included in innovative transformations, the transformation of the Chinese economy under the laws of market relations while maintaining a planned economy.