Nureev R., Latov Y., Surkhaev I. Interference of voting means and political relation in perspective from pre-industrial to post-industrial society. Voprosy teoreticheskoy ekonomiki. 2023. No. 1. P. 46–59.

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Abstract

The infl uence of the development of voting tools (from the «voice» itself to material media and to the Internet) on the development of elections as a socio-political institution is considered. The analysis is based on institutional approaches – in particular, the concepts of theories of post-industrial society and public choice (in particular, Downs’ formula). To detail the pro/contra of voting mechanisms, three specifi c historical case-studies are considered – the veche of medieval Veliky Novgorod, ostracism in ancient Athens and electronic voting in modern Russia. Although the general trend in the development of voting technologies is progressive, expanding the number of voters and the menu of issues to be resolved, when these technologies change, there are both certain losses and costs of changing the «rules of the game». The main attention is paid to the digitalization of elections at the beginning of the XXI century and the confl icting implications of this shift . On the one hand, digitalization of voting off ers a chance for a partial revival of direct democracy. However, on the other hand, at present, electronic voting is a trusting good for Russians, the usefulness of which directly depends on the trust in the organizers of the elections.