Ruban L.S., Pecheritsa V.F., Boyarkina A.V. Russia in the new geopolitical and geo-economic reality between Washington and Beijing. Questions of National and Federative Relations. 2021. Vol: 11. No. 8 (77). Pp. 2290-2299

Abstract

Using the results of surveys of experts from 16 countries over 15 years (2005-2019) within the framework of the international project Dialogue Partnership as a factor of stability and Integration, the authors analyze Russia's position in the new geopolitical and geo-economic reality in the conditions of a changed world order, in which the United States and China are now leading. The article shows the change in the position of the United States in the economic system, its transformation from the world's largest importer of hydrocarbons into an exporter as a result of the victory of the shale revolution, the desire of this country for energy dominance, which includes the displacement of Russia from the European gas market. This unfair competition includes tougher sanctions against the Russian Federation and pressure on European countries from the United States. Difficulties in the western export direction contribute to the activation of the eastern energy exports of the Russian Federation, primarily to China. Russia and China are successfully developing partnership relations. China is Russia's No. 1 trading partner, but this partnership is asymmetric, so Russia needs it more than it needs it. The main share of Russian exports to China is raw materials, and imports from China are manufacturing products, often made from Russian raw materials. China is diversifying its hydrocarbon imports, receiving oil and gas from Russia, the KSA, North Africa, Central Asian countries and the United States, hedging its energy risks. The conclusions indicate that the foreign policy of the Russian Federation should become more pragmatic, defending its interests, taking into account the rapidly changing international situation, but changing Russia's position in the international arena is possible only with the activation of the Russian economy on a modern innovative and technological basis.